For research products, this refers to the affiliated organizations of its authors

For projects: the organizations participating in the project (i.e. beneficiaries of the grant)

We are improving the organization database with the use of our OpenOrgs tool. It allows curators to disambiguate organizations (merge different names of the same organization) and identify parent-child relationships (schools, departments, etc.).

The country of the organization.

Country code mapping: https://api.openaire.eu/vocabularies/dnet:countries

Funders that have joined OpenAIRE, i.e. their project data have gone through a validation process.

You can visit https://explore.openaire.eu/search/find if you would like to explore the research products and projects of all funders in OpenAIRE (the list of funders can be seen under the "Funder" Filter shown on the left side of the page).

For funderswho want to join OpenAIRE: https://www.openaire.eu/funders-how-to-join-guide

The sub-type of a research outcome (e.g., a publication can be a pre-print, conference proceeding, article, etc.)

Resource type mapping: https://api.openaire.eu/vocabularies/dnet:result_typologies (click on the code to see the specific types for each result type)

The best available (across all instances) access rights of a research product

Types (by best available):

Open: Open Access

• w/ Licence: Following the Budapest Open Access Initiative definition, accompanied by a specified licence that outlines how the material can be used, shared, and distributed.
• w/o Licence:Without specifying any particular licence​​​​​​ thus without specifying usage permissions or restrictions.

Embargo: Closed for a specific period of time, then open.

Restricted: Definition of restricted may vary by data source, it may refer to access rights being given to registered users, potentially behind a paywall.

Closed: Closed access

Unspecified: Unspecified Access Rights

The fee charged by publishers in order to publish a research publication in an Open Access journal. These charges are meant to cover the costs of publication and ensure the work is freely accessible to all. The APC information is sourced from OpenAPC, which is fully integrated into the OpenAIRE Graph. For a comprehensive guide:https://www.openaire.eu/openapc-guide.

These are Article Processing Charges that your own institution has reported to OpenAPC. In most cases, the institution that reports the APC is the one that managed and likely paid the fee, although we do not know if they covered it entirely. Therefore, these entries usually reflect direct financial involvement and administrative responsibility by your institution.

Why Monitor Separately: Knowing which APCs your institution likely funded offers valuable insights into the scale and distribution of your open-access investments. This information supports more accurate budget planning, helps justify funding decisions, and strengthens internal transparency and accountability.

These are Article Processing Charges submitted to OpenAPC by another institution involved in the same publication, typically a co-author’s organization. Since the reporting party usually pays the fee, these entries suggest that external partners have taken on some or all of the publication costs, although the exact financial responsibility remains uncertain.

Why Monitor Separately: By distinguishing these APCs, you gain a clearer view of how publishing expenses are shared within your research network. This understanding can highlight cost-sharing patterns, inform fair collaboration agreements, and guide strategic decisions about forming or maintaining partnerships that support open-access publishing.

A Creative Commons copyright license (https://creativecommons.org/)

A long-lasting reference to a resource

Types: http://api.openaire.eu/vocabularies/dnet:pid_types

Related research community, initiative or infrastructure.

The scientific journal an article is published in.

The publisher of the venue (journal, book, etc.) of a research product.

The different data sources ingested in the OpenAIRE Graph.

• Repositories
• Open Access Publishers & Journals
• Aggregators
• Entity Registries
• Journal Aggregators
• CRIS (Current Research Information Systems)

Information systems where scientists upload the bibliographic metadata and payloads of their research products (e.g. PDFs of their scientific articles, CSVs of their data, archive with their software), due to obligations from their organizations, their funders, or due to community practices (e.g. ArXiv, Europe PMC, Zenodo).

Information systems of open access publishers or relative journals, which offer bibliographic metadata and PDFs of their published articles.

Information systems that collect descriptive metadata about research products from multiple sources in order to enable cross-data source discovery of given research products (e,g, DataCite, BASE, DOAJ).

Information systems created with the intent of maintaining authoritative registries of given entities in the scholarly communication, such as OpenDOAR for the institutional repositories, re3data for the data repositories, CORDA and other funder databases for projects and funding information.

Information systems adopted by research and academic organizations to keep track of their research administration records and relative results; examples of CRIS content are articles or research data funded by projects, their principal investigators, facilities acquired thanks to funding, etc.

This inferred attribute refers to the utilization of a Fields of Science taxonomy to categorize research publications within the OpenAIRE Graph. The algorithm classifies research across various levels of detail, from broad categories at Level 1 to more nuanced classifications at Level 3. For more: https://explore.openaire.eu/fields-of-science#01%20natural%20sciences.

This inferred attribute, determined through our own classification system, associates research publications in the OpenAIRE Graph with specific UN Sustainable Development Goals. By doing so, it emphasizes how individual research works align with and address global challenges such as climate change, biodiversity loss, pollution, and poverty reduction. For more information:https://www.openaire.eu/openaire-explore-introducing-sdgs-and-fos.